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April 15
April 15 is the 105th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (106th in leap years). There are 260 days remaining. Events * 1450 - Battle of Formigny; French attack and nearly annihilate English forces, ending English domination in northern France. * 1632 - Battle of Rain; Swedes under Gustavus Adolphus defeat the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years' War. * 1783 - Preliminary articles of peace ending Revolutionary War ratified. * 1865 - Andrew Johnson is inaugurated as the 17th President of the United States. * 1912 - The passenger liner RMS Titanic sinks * 1920 - Anarchists Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti allegedly murder two security guards while robbing a shoe store (see: The Case of Sacco and Vanzetti) * 1923 - Insulin first became generally available for use by diabetics * 1924 - Rand McNally publishes its first road atlas * 1927 - Douglas Fairbanks, Mary Pickford and Norma and Constance Talmadge become the first celebrities to leave their footprints in cement at Grauman's Chinese Theater in Hollywood * 1940 - The Allies start their attack on the Norwegian town of Narvik which was occupied by Nazi Germany * 1947 - Jackie Robinson debuts for the Brooklyn Dodgers baseball team, breaking that sport's color line * 1983 - Tokyo Disneyland opens * 1985 - Marvin Hagler defeats Thomas Hearns by a knockout in round three to retain boxing's world Middleweight championship at The War. * 1989 - The Hillsborough disaster, one of the biggest tragedies of European football * 1989 - Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 begin. * 1990 - The Hubble space telescope deployed from the space shuttle Discovery * 1994 - Representatives of 124 countries and the European Communities sign the Marrakesh agreements revising the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and setting up the World Trade Organization (effective January 1, 1995) * 2001 - Easter day (not again till 2063). Births * 1452 - Leonardo da Vinci, artist (+ 1519) * 1684 - Catherine I of Russia (+ 1727) * 1707 - Leonhard Euler, mathematician (+ 1783) * 1793 - Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve, astronomer (+ 1864) * 1800 - James Ross explorer (+ 1862) * 1811 - Siamese twins Chang and Eng Bunker (+ 1874). * 1832 - Wilhelm Busch, poet, graphic artist and painter (+ 1908) * 1843 - Henry James, author (+ 1916) * 1861 - Bliss Carman, poet (+ 1929) * 1878 - Robert Walser, lyricist and narrator (+ 1956) * 1879 - Melville Henry Cane, U.S. lawyer and poet (+ 1980) * 1889 - Thomas Hart Benton, U.S. muralist (+ 1975) * 1894 - Bessie Smith, blues singer (+ 1937) * 1902 - Fernando Pessa, Portuguese journalist (+2002) * 1912 - Kim Il Sung, dictator of North Korea (+ 1994) * 1916 - Helene Hanff, author * 1920 - Richard von Weizcker, President of Germany 1984-1994 * 1921 - Georgi Beregovoi, cosmonaut (+ 1995) * 1930 - Vigds Finnbogadttir, former President of Iceland * 1931 - Raymond McNally, author (+ 2002) * 1933 - Elizabeth Montgomery, actress (+ 1995) * 1933 - Roy Clark, country musician * 1933 - Boris Strugatsky, author * 1940 - Jeffrey Archer, author, Member of Parliament * 1942 - Walt Hazzard, basketball star * 1944 - Dave Edmunds, musician * 1950 - Amy Wright, actress * 1951 - Heloise, newspaper columnist * 1954 - Seka, pornographic film actress * 1955 - Dodi Fayed, businessman (+ 1997) * 1957 - Evelyn Ashford, track athlete * 1959 - Emma Thompson, actress * 1962 - Nawal El Moutawakel, hurdler * 1966 - Samantha Fox, singer * 1972 - Arturo Gatti, world champion boxer * 1990 - Emma Watson, actress Deaths * 69 - Otho, Roman Emperor * 1865 - Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States * 1911 - Antoine Lumire, photographer, industrialist, father of Auguste and Louis Lumire * 1912 - John Jacob Astor IV, businessman * 1912 - Benjamin Guggenheim, businessman * 1942 - Robert Musil, novelist (The Man Without Qualities) * 1949 - Wallace Beery, actor * 1969 - Victoria Eugenie Julia Ena Maria Christina of Battenberg, Queen consort of Spain * 1980 - Jean-Paul Sartre, philosopher and writer * 1986 - Jean Genet, author * 1988 - Kenneth Williams, actor & comedian. * 1990 - Greta Garbo, actress * 1990 - Ava Gardner, actress * 1993 - John Tuzo Wilson, geologist (* 1908) * 1993 - Leslie Charteris, author * 1998 - Pol Pot, Cambodian dictator * 2000 - Edward Gorey, illustrator * 2001 - Joey Ramone, lead singer for The Ramones * 2002 - Damon Knight, science fiction author Holidays and Observances * April 15 or the following Monday (if it falls on the weekend) is the deadline for Americans to file their tax returns. Post offices across the United States stay open until midnight to accommodate the procrastinators. * Roman Empire - the Fordicia was celebrated in honor of Terra * Ancient Latvia - Tipsa Diena observed
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