December 30
December 30 is the 364th day of the year (365th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 1 day remaining. Events: * 1460 - Wars of the Roses: The Duke of York is defeated at the Battle of Wakefield * 1862 - USS Monitor sinks off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina * 1853 - Gadsden Purchase: The United States buys land from Mexico to facilitate railroad building in the Southwest * 1879 - The Pirates of Penzance is first performed (Paignton, Devon, England) * 1880 - The Transvaal becomes a republic and Paul Kruger becomes its first president * 1897 - Natal annexes Zululand * 1903 - A fire at the Iroquois Theater in Chicago kills 600. * 1919 - Lincoln's Inn, in London admits its first female bar student. * 1922 - The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is formed. * 1924 - Edwin Hubble announces the existence of other galaxies. * 1936 - The United Auto Workers union stages its first sit-down strike. * 1940 - California opens its first freeway the Arroyo Seco Parkway. * 1943 - Chandra Bose raises the flag of Indian independence at Port Blair. * 1944 - King George II of Greece declares a regency, leaving his throne vacant * 1947 - King Michael of Romania abdicates * 1948 - The play Kiss Me Kate opens for the first of 1,077 performances. * 1953 - The first color television sets go on sale for about $1,175 (American dollars) . * 1965 - Ferdinand Marcos becomes President of the Philippines * 1972 - Vietnam War: The US halts heavy bombing of North Vietnam. * 1976 - The Smothers Brothers play their last show (Aladdin Hotel in Las Vegas). * 1980 - After 25 years, the longest-running prime-time TV series The Wonderful World of Disney is cancelled by NBC. * 1993 - Israel and the Vatican establish diplomatic relations. * 1996 - In the Indian state of Assam, a passenger train is bombed by Bodo separatists killing 26. * 1996 - Proposed budget cuts by Benjamin Netanyahu spark protests from 250,000 workers who shut down services across Israel. * 1997 - In the worst incident in Algeria's insurgency, 400 people are killed from four villages. * 2000 - Rizal Day Bombings: A series of bombs explode in various places in Metro Manila, Philippines within a span of a few hours killing 22 and injuring about a hundred. Births: * 39 - Titus, Roman Emperor (+ 81) * 1819 - Theodor Fontane, poet (+ 1898) * 1865 - Rudyard Kipling, writer and recipient of the Nobel Prize in literature 1907 (+ 1936) * 1873 - Al Smith, United States politician (+ 1944) * 1884 - Hideki Tojo, Prime Minister of Japan (+ 1948) * 1906 - Carol Reed, film director (+ 1976) * 1906 - Johann Adolf Graf von Kielmannsegg, general * 1910 - Paul Bowles, composer, author (+ 1999) * 1911 - Jeanette Nolan, actress (+ 1998) * 1914 - Bert Parks, television host (+ 1992) * 1920 - Jack Lord, actor (+ 1998) * 1928 - Bo Diddley, singer, musician * 1931 - Skeeter Davis, singer * 1934 - Russ Tamblyn, actor, dancer, singer * 1934 - Del Shannon, singer (+ 1990) * 1935 - Sandy Koufax, Baseball Hall of Famer * 1937 - Paul Stookey, folk music singer * 1937 - John Hartford, musician (+ 2001) * 1938 - Joseph Bologna, actor * 1942 - Fred Ward, actor * 1942 - Michael Nesmith, singer, musician * 1942 - Vladimir Bukovsky, author and civil rights activist * 1945 - Davy Jones, singer * 1946 - Patti Smith, singer * 1947 - Jeff Lynne, rock singer-musician * 1956 - Suzy Bogguss, country singer * 1957 - Matt Lauer, newscaster * 1959 - Tracey Ullman, actress, singer * 1961 - Douglas Coupland, author * 1961 - Horacio Novello, creative * 1965 - Heidi Fleiss, celebrity prostitute * 1973 - Jason Behr, actor * 1975 - Tiger Woods, golfer * 1976 - Meredith Monroe, actress * 1978 - Tyrese, singer * 1980 - Eliza Dushku, actress * 1982 - Kristin Kreuk, actress Deaths: * 1896 - Josˇ Rizal, national hero, Philippines * 1968 - Trygve Lie, the first United Nations Secretary General * 1970 - Sonny Liston, boxing champion * 1979 - Richard Rodgers, composer * 1985 - Rick Nelson, singer * 1996 - Lew Ayres, actor * 2002 - Mary Wesley, novelist Holidays and observances: * Philippines - Rizal Day
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