July 30

July 30 is the 211th day (212th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian
Calendar, with 154 days remaining.

Events

   * 1619 - In Jamestown, Virginia, the first representative assembly in the
     Americas, the House of Burgesses, convenes for the first time.
   * 1729 - Baltimore, Maryland is founded.
   * 1733 - First Freemasons lodge opened in what will become the United
     States.
   * 1825 - Malden Island discovered.
   * 1863 - Indian Wars: Chief Pocatello of the Shoshone tribe signs the
     Treaty of Box Elder, promising to stop harassing the emigrant trails in
     southern Idaho and northern Utah.
   * 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of the Crater - Union forces attempt
     to break Confederate lines by exploding a large bomb under their
     trenches.
   * 1930 - In Montevideo, Uruguay wins the first Football World Cup.
   * 1932 - The 1932 Summer Olympics open in Los Angeles, California.
   * 1945 - World War II: Japanese warships sink the USS Indianapolis,
     killing 883 seamen in the worst single loss in the history of the
     United States Navy.
   * 1956 - A Joint Resolution of the United States Congress is signed by
     President Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorizing "In God We Trust" as the
     U.S. national motto.
   * 1965 - US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of
     1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid.
   * 1966 - At Wembley Stadium, host England wins the first televised
     Football World Cup, beating Germany 4 to 2.
   * 1969 - Vietnam War: US President Richard M. Nixon makes an unscheduled
     visit to South Vietnam and meets with President Nguyen Van Thieu and
     with US military commanders.
   * 1971 - Apollo program: Apollo 15 lands on the Moon.
   * 1974 - Watergate Scandal: US President Richard M. Nixon releases
     subpoenaed White House recordings after being ordered to do so by the
     United States Supreme Court.
   * 1980 - Vanuatu gains independence.
   * 2003 - In Mexico, the last 'old style' Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the
     assembly line.

Births

   * 1805 - Alexis de Tocqueville, historian, political scientist (+ 1859)
   * 1818 - Emily Bronte, English novelist (+ 1848)
   * 1855 - Wilhelm von Siemens, German industrialist
   * 1863 - Henry Ford, American industrialist (+ 1947)
   * 1889 - Franz Masereel, painter and graphic artist (+ 1972)
   * 1890 - Casey Stengel, member of the Baseball Hall of Fame (+ 1975)
   * 1898 - Henry Moore, sculptor (+ 1986)
   * 1909 - C. Northcote Parkinson, British historian and writer
   * 1914 - BŽatrix Beck, writer
   * 1929 - Werner TŸbke, painter
   * 1930 - Thomas Sowell, economist
   * 1934 - Bud Selig, baseball team owner and commissioner
   * 1936 - Buddy Guy, guitarist, singer
   * 1939 - Peter Bogdanovich, film director
   * 1941 - Paul Anka, singer and composer
   * 1945 - David Sanborn, musician, Grammy Award winner
   * 1947 - Arnold Schwarzenegger, actor
   * 1948 - Jean Reno, actor
   * 1956 - Delta Burke, actress
   * 1956 - Anita Hill, American law professor, author
   * 1958 - Kate Bush, singer
   * 1961 - Laurence Fishburne, actor
   * 1974 - Hilary Swank, Academy Award winning actress

Deaths

   * 578 - Jacob Baradaeus, bishop of Edessa
   * 1771 - Thomas Gray, poet and letter-writer (* 1716)
   * 1898 - Otto von Bismarck, German chancellor
   * 1975 - James Blish, science fiction author
   * 1975 (date of disappearance) - Jimmy Hoffa, labor leader
   * 1983 - Lynn Fontanne, actress
   * 1996 - Claudette Colbert, actress (It Happened One Night)

Holidays and observances

   * Vanuatu - Independence Day
   * International Bog Day

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