March 13

March 13 is the 72th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (73rd in leap
years). There are 293 days remaining.

Events

   * 483 - St. Felix becomes Pope
   * 874 - The bones of Saint Nicephorus are interred in the Church of the
     Apostles, Constantinople.
   * 1138 - Cardinal Gregory is elected anti-pope as Victor IV, succeeding
     Anacletus II
   * 1639 - Harvard University is named for a clergyman named John Harvard.
   * 1781 - William Herschel discovers the planet Uranus.
   * 1865 - American Civil War: The Confederate States of America
     reluctantly agrees to the use of African American troops.
   * 1881 - Alexander II of Russia is killed near his palace when a bomb is
     thrown at him.
   * 1884 - The siege of Khartoum, Sudan begins (ends on January 26, 1885).
   * 1900 - Boer Wars: British forces occupy Bloemfontein, Orange Free
     State.
   * 1921 - Mongolia declares its independence from China
   * 1925 - Scopes Trial: A law in Tennessee prohibits the teaching of
     evolution.
   * 1933 - Great Depression: Banks in the United States begin to re-open
     after the Presidentially mandated "bank holiday."
   * 1943 - World War II: In Bougainville, Japanese troops end their assault
     on American forces at Hill 700.
   * 1954 - Battle of Dien Bien Phu: Viet Minh forces attack French
   * 1957 - The FBI arrests Jimmy Hoffa and charges him with bribery.
   * 1969 - Apollo program: Apollo 9 returns safely to Earth after testing
     the Lunar Module.
   * 1991 - The United States Justice Department annouces that Exxon has
     agreed to pay $1 billion for the clean-up of the Exxon Valdez oil spill
     in Alaska.
   * 1992 - In eastern Turkey, an earthquake registering 6.8 on the Richter
     scale kills over 500.
   * 1993 - The Great Blizzard of 1993 strikes the eastern U.S., bringing
     record snowfall and other severe weather all the way from Cuba to
     QuŽbec.
   * 1996 - The Dunblane Massacre
   * 1997 - India's Missionaries of Charity chooses Sister Nirmala to
     succeed Mother Teresa as its leader.
   * 2003 - Human evolution: The journal Nature reports that
     350,000-year-old upright-walking human footprints had been found in
     Italy.

Births

   * 1733 - Joseph Priestley, scientist, minister (+ 1804)
   * 1741 - Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (+ 1790)
   * 1763 - Guillaume Marie Anne Brune, French soldier (+ 1815)
   * 1764 - Charles Grey, second Earl Grey, Prime Minister of the United
     Kingdom
   * 1781 - Karl Friedrich Schinkel, master builder (+ 1841)
   * 1798 - Abigail Fillmore, First Lady
   * 1855 - Percival Lowell, astronomer (+ 1916)
   * 1860 - Hugo Wolf, composer (+ 1903)
   * 1864 - Alexej von Jawlensky, Russian impressionist painter (+ 1941)
   * 1880 - Frank Thiess, writer (+ 1977)
   * 1884 - Oskar Loerke, lyricist, narrator and essayist (+ 1941)
   * 1884 - Sir Hugh Walpole, novelist (+ 1941)
   * 1900 - George Seferis, Nobel prize-winning poet (+ 1971)
   * 1908 - Walter Annenberg, publisher, philanthropist (+ 2002)
   * 1910 - Karl Gustav Ahlefeldt, Danish actor (+ 1985)
   * 1911 - L. Ron Hubbard, author (+ 1986)
   * 1913 - William Casey, director of the Central Intelligence Agency (+
     1987)
   * 1914 - Edward O'Hare, US pilot
   * 1939 - Neil Sedaka, singer
   * 1942 - Dave Cutler, software engineer
   * 1949 - Julia Migenes, soprano
   * 1950 - William H. Macy, actor
   * 1952 - Wolfgang Rihm, composer
   * 1956 - Dana Delany, actress
   * 1960 - Adam Clayton, bassist for the rock band U2

Deaths

   * 1619 - Richard Burbage, actor
   * 1808 - King Christian VII of Denmark
   * 1842 - Henry Shrapnel, soldier, inventor
   * 1881 - Tsar Alexander II of Russia
   * 1901 - Benjamin Harrison, 23rd President of the United States
   * 1906 - Susan B. Anthony, civil rights and women's suffrage activist
   * 1938 - Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin, Soviet politician and intellectual
   * 1938 - Clarence Darrow, attorney
   * 1965 - Corrado Gini, statistician
   * 1990 - Bruno Bettelheim, child psychologist, psychiatrist
   * 1996 - Krzysztof Kieslowski, film director
   * 1998 - Bill Reid, Canadian artist
   * 1999 - Garson Kanin, writer, director

Holidays and observances

   * Feast of Saint Nicephorus (Roman and Greek churches)

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