1775

Events

   * February 9 - American Revolutionary War: British Parliament declares
     Massachusetts in rebellion
   * March 23 - American Revolutionary War: Patrick Henry delivers his
     speech - "give me liberty or give me death" in Williamsburg, Virginia.
   * April 14 - American Revolutionary War: Massachusetts Governor Gage is
     secretly ordered by the British to enforce the Coercive Acts and
     suppress open rebellion by an iron hand.
   * April 18 - American Revolutionary War: General Gage orders 700 troops
     to Concord to destroy the rebels' weapons depot.
   * April 18 - American Revolutionary War: Paul Revere makes his famous
     midnight ride - "Listen my childen, and you shall hear of the midnight
     ride of Paul Revere on the eighteenth of April, in seventy-five; hardly
     a man is now alive who remembers that famous day and year" (Henry
     Wadsworth Longfellow).
   * April 19 - American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Lexington and
     Concord begins at dawn with a volley on 70 armed Massachusetts
     militiamen on Lexington Green by the British advance guard, which
     leaves 8 dead and 10 wounded - "the shot heard around the world".
   * May 10 - American Revolutionary War: The Continental Congress meets,
     elects John Hancock president, and authorizes the colonies to adopt
     their own constitutions.
   * May 10 - American Revolutionary War: Fort Ticonderoga is taken by a
     small force called the Green Mountain Boys of Vermont, led by Benedict
     Arnold and Ethan Allen.
   * May 17 - American Revolutionary War: The Continental Congress bans
     trade with Canada.
   * June 15 - American Revolutionary War: George Washington is appointed
     commander-in-chief of the new Continental Army.
   * June 17 - American Revolutionary War: The battle of Bunker Hill; the
     patriots are ordered not to fire until they can see "the whites of
     their eyes".
   * July 3 - American Revolutionary War: George Washington takes command of
     the 17,000-man Continental Army at Cambridge.
   * July 5 - American Revolutionary War: The Continental Congress sends the
     Olive Branch Petition, hoping for a reconciliation.
   * August 23 - American Revolutionary War: Refusing to even look at the
     Olive Branch Petition, King George issues a Declaration of Rebellion
     against the American colonies.
   * July 6 - American Revolutionary War: The Continental Congress issues
     Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms, which
     contains the words: "Our cause is just. Our union is perfect... being
     with one mind resolved to die freemen rather than to live slaves...".
   * October 13 - The United States Continental Congress orders the
     establishment of the Continental Navy (later renamed the United States
     Navy).
   * November 10 - The United States Marine Corps is established in
     Pennsylvania by the Continental Congress.
   * November 28 - The United States Navy is established by the Continental
     Congress.
   * December 31 - American Revolutionary War: British forces repulse an
     attack by Continental Army generals Richard Montgomery and Benedict
     Arnold at Quebec.

Births

   * January 22 - Andrˇ-Marie Amp¸re, French physicist (+ 1836)
   * January 27 - Fredrich Schelling, German physicist (+ 1854)
   * February 10 Charles Lamb, AKA Elia, English poet-essayist (+ 1834)
   * February 12 - Louisa Adams, First Lady, wife of President John Quincy
     Adams (+ 1852)
   * December 16 - Jane Austen, English novelist (+ 1817)

Monarchs/Presidents

   * China - Qianlong Emperor of China, Qing Dynasty (reigned from October
     18, 1735 to February 9, 1796)
   * Prussia - Frederick II King of Prussia (reigned from 1740 to 1786)

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