1877

Events

   * January 8 - Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle with
     the United States Cavalry (Montana)
   * March 2 - U.S. presidential election, 1876: The United States declares
     Rutherford B. Hayes the winner of the election even though Samuel J.
     Tilden had won the popular vote on November 7, 1876
   * March 4 - Emile Berliner invents the microphone.
   * March 4 - Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake debuts
   * March 15 - The first Test cricket match, between England and Australia
   * May 6 - Realizing that his people were weakened by cold and hunger,
     Chief Crazy Horse of the Oglala Sioux surrenders to United States
     troops in Nebraska.
   * War between Russia and the Ottoman Empire (Russo-Turkish War), leading
     to the formation of Bulgaria in 1878. See Russian Foreign Affairs after
     the Crimean War.
   * May 8 - At Gilmore's Gardens in New York City, the first Westminster
     Dog Show opens (ends May 11).
   * May 10 - Romania declares itself independent from Turkey, recognized in
     1881 after the end of the Romanian independence war.
   * July 9 - All England Croquet and Lawn Tennis Club begins its first lawn
     tennis tournament at Wimbledon.
   * July 21 - A day after bloody rioting in Baltimore from Baltimore and
     Ohio Railroad workers and the deaths of 9 rail workers at the hands of
     the Maryland militia, workers in Pittsburgh stage a sympathy strike
     that is met with an assault by the state militia - Pittsburgh then
     erupts into widespread rioting.
   * August 9 - Indian Wars: Battle of Big Hole - Near Big Hole River in
     Montana, a small band of Nez Perc� Indians who refused government
     orders to move to a reservation, clash with the United States Army. The
     army lost 29 soldiers and Indians lost 89 warriors in a US Army win.
   * August 17 - Arizona blacksmith F.P. Cahill is fatally wounded by Billy
     the Kid. Cahill will die the next day, becoming the first person killed
     by the 'Kid.
   * September 5 - Indian Wars: Oglala Sioux chief Crazy Horse is bayoneted
     by a United States soldier after resisting confinement in a guardhouse
     at Fort Robinson in Nebraska.
   * October 10 - Following the recovery of Lieutenant-Colonel George
     Armstrong Custer's body from where he fell during the Battle of Little
     Big Horn the previous year, Custer is given a funeral with full
     military honors and is laid to rest at the United States Military
     Academy at West Point, New York.

   * Phonograph patented by Thomas Alva Edison
   * Porfirio Diaz becomes President of Mexico
   * Queen Victoria proclaimed Empress of India

Births

   * February 17 - Andre Maginot, politician, Maginot Line (+ 1932)
   * February 19 - Gabriele M�nter, painter, member of Blaue Reiter (+ 1962)
   * March 16 - Reza Pahlavi, later Shah of Iran.
   * March 18 - Edgar Cayce, psychic (+ 1945)
   * May 27 - Isadora Duncan, free form and interpretative dancer (+ 1927)
   * June 14 - Jane Bathori, opera singer
   * July 2 - Hermann Hesse, writer

Deaths

   * January 4 - Cornelius Vanderbilt, entrepreneur
   * January 21 - Diamond Bessie Moore, prostitute
   * September 2 - Constantine Kanaris - Greek politician
   * September 5 - Crazy Horse, Chief of the Oglala Sioux.
   * October 16 - Theodore Barri�re, French dramatist

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