1883

Events

   * January 16 - The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the
     United States Civil service, is passed
   * January 19 - The first electric lighting system employing overhead
     wires begins service (Roselle, New Jersey) It was built by Thomas
     Edison.
   * February 16 - Ladies Home Journal is published for the first time.
   * February 23 - Alabama becomes the first U.S. state to enact an
     antitrust law.
   * February 28 - The first vaudeville theater is opened, in Boston,
     Massachusetts
   * May 24 - Brooklyn Bridge is opened to traffic after 14 years of
     construction.
   * May 30 - In New York City, a rumor that the Brooklyn Bridge was going
     to collapse causes a stampede which crushes twelve people.
   * August 12 - The last quagga dies at the Artis Magistra zoo in
     Amsterdam.
   * August 26 - Krakatau volcano eruption (local time)
   * September 15 - The Bombay Natural History Society is founded.
   * Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch (German bacteriologist) discovers the
     cholera bacillus.
   * October 1 - Sydney Boys High School is founded in Sydney, Australia. It
     is the first boys public school in Australia.
   * October 15 - The Supreme Court of the United States declares part of
     the Civil Rights Act of 1875 to be unconstitutional since it allowed
     individuals and corporations to discriminate based on race.
   * November 28 - Whitman College is chartered as a four-year college in
     Walla Walla, Washington.

Arts, Sciences, Literature and Philosophy

   * 1883 in literature:

Births

   * January 3 - Clement Attlee, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (+
     1967)
   * January 6 - Khalil Gibran, poet, painter, novelist (+ 1931)
   * January 10 - Francis X. Bushman, actor (+ 1966)
   * January 10 - Aleksei Tolstoy, writer (+ 1945)
   * February 15 - Sax Rohmer, author (+ 1959)
   * February 7 - Eubie Blake, musician, composer (+ 1983)
   * February 11 - Paul August von Klenau Danish composer/conductor
   * February 23 - Karl Jaspers, philosopher (+ 1969)
   * February 23 - Victor Fleming, director (+ 1949)
   * March 19 - Joseph Stilwell, American soldier (+ 1946)
   * April 1 - Lon Chaney, actor (+ 1930)
   * April 11 - Hozumi Shigeto, Japanese author
   * May 18 - Walter Gropius, architect, founder of Bauhaus (+ 1969)
   * May 20 - King Faisal I of Iraq (+ 1933)
   * May 23 - Douglas Fairbanks, Sr., actor, cofounder of United Artists (+
     1939)
   * July 4 - Rube Goldberg, cartoonist (+ 1970)
   * July 29 - Benito Mussolini, fascist dictator of Italy
   * August 23 - US General Jonathan Wainwright, Medal of Honor recipient
   * November 8 - Arnold Bax, composer
   * December 3 - Anton Webern, Austrian composer
   * December 25 - Maurice Utrillo, a "Montmartre" artist
   * Alberto Gerchunoff, Argentine writer

Deaths

   * January 10 - Samuel Mudd, formerly doctor to John Wilkes Booth
   * January 23 - Gustave DorŽ, French artist
   * February 13 - Richard Wagner, German composer
   * March 14 - Karl Marx, German philosopher
   * April 30 - Edouard Manet, painter
   * May 26 - Edward Sabine, astronomer
   * October 30 - Robert Volkmann, composer

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