1905

Events

   * The title Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is officially recognized
     by King Edward VII.
   * Path� Fr�res colors black and white films by machine.
   * January 22 - Massacre of Russian demonstrators at the Winter Palace in
     Saint Petersburg, one of the triggers of the abortive Russian
     Revolution of 1905.
   * January 26 - The Cullinan diamond is found near Pretoria, South Africa
     at the Premier Mine.
   * February 11 - Pope Pius X publishes the encyclical Vehementer nos.
   * March 3 - Tsar Nicholas II of Russia agrees to create an elected
     assembly (the Duma).
   * March 5 - Russian troops begin to retreat from Mukden, Manchuria after
     losing 100,000 troops in 3 days.
   * March 10 Japanese capture of Mukden (now Shenyang) completes rout of
     Russian armies in Manchuria.
   * March 31 German emperor William II asserts German equality with France
     in Morocco, triggering Tangier (or First Morocco) Crisis.
   * April 4 - In India, an earthquake near Kangra, kills 370,000.
   * May 15 - Las Vegas, Nevada is founded when 110 acres (in what later
     would become downtown) are auctioned off.
   * May 27 - Russo-Japanese War: Battle of Tsushima - The Japanese fleet
     under Admiral Heihachiro Togo destroys Russian fleet under Admiral
     Zinovi Petrovich Rozhdestvenski in this two day battle (ends on May
     27).
   * September 1 - The Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta are
     established from the southwestern part of the Northwest Territories.
   * September 5 - Russo-Japanese War: Treaty of Portsmouth signed - In New
     Hampshire a treaty mediated by US President Theodore Roosevelt, is
     signed by victor Japan and defeated party Russia. In the agreement,
     Russia cedes the island of Sakhalin and port and rail rights in
     Manchuria to Japan.
   * June 7 - Norway declares the union with Sweden dissolved.
   * October 3 HMS Dreadnought is laid down, revolutionizing battleship
     design and triggering a naval arms race.
   * October 26 - Sweden agreed to the repeal of the union with Norway.
   * October 30 - Tsar Nicholas II is forced to grant Russia's first
     constitution, conceding a national assembly (Duma) with limited powers.

   * Einstein publishes four papers. In particular, he formulates the theory
     of special relativity and explains the photoelectric effect by
     quantization.

Births

   * January 2 - Michael Tippett, composer
   * January 3 - Anna May Wong, actress (+ 1961)
   * January 12 - Tex Ritter, actor, singer (+ 1974)
   * January 18 - Joseph Bonanno, gangster (+ 2002)
   * January 21 - Christian Dior, couturier (+ 1957)
   * January 26 - Bernhard Minetti, actor
   * January 26 - Maria von Trapp, singer (+ 1987)
   * January 29 - Barnett Newman, painter (+ 1970)
   * January 31 - John O'Hara, writer (+ 1970)
   * February 2 - Ayn Rand, Author
   * February 7 - Paul Nizan, author (+ 1940)
   * February 11 - Elizabeth Vuyk, Dutch/Indonesian writer.
   * February 14 - Thelma Ritter, actress (+ 1969)
   * February 27 - Franchot Tone, actor (+ 1968)
   * March 5 - G�nther L�ders, actor and film director (+ 1975)
   * March 6 - Bob Wills, country music singer (+ 1975)
   * March 15 - Berthold Schenk von Stauffenberg, jurist and Nazi opponent
     (+ 1944)
   * March 16 - Elisabeth Flickenschildt, actress (+ 1977)
   * March 18 - Thomas Townsend Brown, scientist (+ 1985)
   * March 18 - Robert Donat, actor (+ 1958)
   * March 19 - Albert Speer, Nazi official (+ 1981)
   * March 23 - Lale Andersen, singer and cabaretist (+ 1972)
   * May 15 - Joseph Cotten, actor
   * May 16 - Henry Fonda, actor (+ 1982)
   * May 20 - Gerrit Achterberg, Dutch poet
   * August 11 - Erwin Chargaff, biochemist
   * August 23 - Constant Lambert, composer (+ 1951)
   * September 18 - Greta Garbo, Swedish actress
   * September 30 - Michael Powell, British director
   * November 17 - Queen Astrid of Belgium
   * December 30 - Jule Styne, composer

Deaths

   * March 24 - Jules Verne, author
   * May 9 - Mrs. Jarvis - The model for Mother's Day
   * September 18 - George MacDonald

Nobel Prizes

   * Physics - Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard
   * Chemistry - Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer
   * Medicine - Robert Koch
   * Literature - Henryk Sienkiewicz
   * Peace - Baroness Bertha Sophie Felicita Von Suttner

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