1913

Events

   * January 30 - House of Lords rejects Irish Home Rule Bill
   * February 1 - New York City's Grand Central Station opens as the world's
     largest train station.
   * February 3 - The 16th Amendment to the United States Constitution is
     ratified authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect
     income tax.
   * February 17 - The Armory Show opens in New York City. It displays works
     of artists who are to become some of the most influential painters of
     the early 20th century
   * February 19 - Prizes are included in Cracker Jack candy boxes for the
     first time
   * February 25 - The 16th Amendment to the United States Constitution,
     authorizing a graduated income tax, is ratified.
   * March 12 - Canberra becomes the capital of Australia
   * March 18 - George I of Greece is assassinated.
   * March 20 - Sung Chiao-jen, a founder of the Chinese nationalist party
     (KMT) is wounded in an assassination attempt and dies 2 days after.
   * March 26 - Balkan War: Bulgarian forces take Adrianople.
   * April 24 - Woolworth Building opening ceremony.
   * May 13 - Igor Sikorsky becomes the first person to pilot a four engine
     aircraft.
   * May 14 - New York Governor William Sulzer approves the charter for the
     Rockefeller Foundation which begins operations with a $100,000,000
     donation from John D. Rockefeller.
   * May 29 - Igor Stravinsky's ballet score The Rite of Spring is premiered
     in Paris
   * May 30 - First Balkan War: A peace treaty is signed in London ending
     the war.
   * July 10 - Death Valley, California hits 134 ¡F (~56.7 ¡C) which is the
     highest temperature recorded in the United States (as of 2003).
   * October 10 - US President Woodrow Wilson triggered the explosion of the
     Gamboa Dike thus ending construction on the Panama Canal.

   * The Seventeenth Amendment - the direct election of senators - becomes
     law
   * de Sitter: speed of light is independent of speed of source
   * Sagnac: speed of light depends on speed of rotating platform
   * Change of US presidency from William Howard Taft (1909-1913) to Woodrow
     Wilson (1913-1921)
   * Painting September Morn creates a national sensation in U.S.

Births

   * January 5 - Jean-Pierre Aumont, actor
   * January 6 - Loretta Young, actress (+ 2000)
   * January 9 - Richard M. Nixon, President of the United States
   * January 15 - Lloyd Bridges, actor (+ 1998)
   * January 18 - Danny Kaye, actor (+ 1987)
   * January 29 - Peter von Zahn, journalist and writer
   * February 4 - Rosa Parks, civil rights activist
   * February 6 - Mary Leakey, anthropologist (+ 1996)
   * February 11 - Lucio Diestro, composer.
   * February 14 - Jimmy Hoffa, labor union leader (+ 1975 (disappeared))
   * February 14 - Mel Allen, sports reporter (+ 1996)
   * February 25 - Gert Fršbe, actor (+ 1988)
   * February 25 - Jim Backus, actor (+ 1989)
   * February 27 - Irwin Shaw, writer (+ 1984)
   * March 4 - John Garfield, actor (+ 1952)
   * March 13 - William Casey, director of the Central Intelligence Agency
     (+ 1987)
   * March 29 - Tony Zale, world champion boxer (+ 1997)
   * March 30 - Richard Helms, director of the Central Intelligence Agency
     (+ 2002)
   * March 30 - Frankie Laine, singer
   * May 11 - Robert Jungk, publicist and futurologist (+ 1994)
   * May 16 - Woody Herman, musician, band leader (+ 1987)
   * May 20 - William Hewlett, cofounder of Hewlett-Packard
   * May 26 - Peter Cushing, British actor (+ 1994)
   * June 11 - Vince Lombardi, American football coach
   * July 14 - Gerald Ford, American president.
   * August 28 - Robertson Davies, Canadian novellist
   * September 12 - Jesse Owens, American athlete
   * September 29 - Trevor Howard, actor
   * September 30 - Bill Walsh, Movie producer and writer.
   * November 2 - Burt Lancaster, actor
   * November 5 - Vivien Leigh, British actress
   * November 7 - Albert Camus, writer
   * November 22 - Benjamin Britten, composer

Deaths

   * January 1 - Alfred von Schlieffen, German field marshal
   * March 10 - Harriet Tubman, Underground Railroad conductor, anti-slavery
     activist
   * March 22 - Sung Chiao-jen, a founder of KMT
   * June 5 - Chris von der Ahe, brewer, baseball owner
   * October 5 - Hans von Bartels, German painter
   * Alfred Russel Wallace, Welsh biologist

Nobel Prizes

   * Physics - Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes
   * Chemistry- Alfred Werner
   * Medicine - Charles Robert Richet
   * Literature - Rabindranath Tagore
   * Peace - Henri La Fontaine

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