1914

Events:

   * January 5 - Ford Motor Company announces an eight-hour workday and a
     minimum wage of $5 for a day's labor.
   * February 13 - Copyright: In New York City the ASCAP (for American
     Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers) is established to protect
     the copyrighted musical compositions of its members.
   * May 14 - Woodrow Wilson signs Mother's Day proclamation.
   * May 25 - The United Kingdom's House of Commons passes Irish Home Rule.
   * May 29 - Ocean liner Empress of Ireland sinks in Gulf of St. Lawrence;
     1,024 lives lost.
   * June 28 - Serb nationalist Gavrilo Princip assassinates Franz
     Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria at Sarajevo, Bosnia.
   * July 18 - Within the United States Army the Signal Corps is formed
     giving definite status to its air service for the first time.
   * July 28 - World War I begins: Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
     after it failed to meet the conditions of an ultimatum it set on July
     23 following the Sarajevo assassination.
   * August 1 - Germany declares war on Russia following latter's military
     mobilization in support of Serbia.
   * August 2 - German troops occupy Luxembourg.
   * August 3 - Germany declares war on Russia's ally France.
   * August 4 - German troops invade neutral Belgium in advance on France.
     Britain declares war on Germany after the latter fails to undertake to
     respect Belgian neutrality. The United States declares neutrality.
   * August 5 - In Cleveland, Ohio, the first electric traffic light is
     installed.
   * August 23, Japan declares war on Germany.
   * August 20 - World War I: German forces occupy Brussels.
   * September 1 - St. Petersburg, Russia changes its name to Petrograd.
   * September 5 - World War I: First Battle of the Marne begins - Northeast
     of Paris, the French 6th Army under General Michel-Joseph Maunoury
     attack German forces who are advancing on the capital. Over 2 million
     troops will fight in the battle and 100,000 will be killed or wounded
     in this significant Allied victory.
   * September 6 - French and British counterattack at Marne ends German
     advance on Paris.
   * September 26 - The US Federal Trade Commission (FTC) established by the
     Federal Trade Commission Act.
   * October 9 - World War I: Siege of Antwerp - Antwerp, Belgium falls to
     German troops.
   * October 29 - Ottoman warships shell Russian Black Sea ports: Russia,
     France and Britain declare war on November 1-5.
   * W. H. Carrier patents design of air conditioner
   * Panama Canal opens to traffic
   * The capital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China moved from
     Guilin to Nanning

Births:

   * January 1 - Noor Inayat Khan, WW II heroine, executed by the Nazis (+
     1944)
   * January 4 - Jane Wyman, actress
   * January 5 - George Reeves, actor (+ 1959)
   * January 6 - Danny Thomas, singer, actor, comedian (+ 1991)
   * January 14 - Harold Russell, actor (+ 2002)
   * January 18 - Arno Schmidt, author (+ 1979)
   * January 30 - David Wayne, actor (+ 1995)
   * January 30 - John Ireland, actor (+ 1992)
   * January 31 - Jersey Joe Walcott, boxer (+ 1994)
   * February 4 - Alfred Andersch, narrator and author of radio drama (+
     1980)
   * February 4 - Ida Lupino, actress, director, writer (+ 1995)
   * February 5 - William S. Burroughs, US author
   * February 6 - Thurl Ravenscroft, voice-over actor ("Tony the Tiger")
   * February 9 - Gypsy Rose Lee, actress, ecdesiast (+ 1970)
   * February 9 - Ernest Tubb, country music singer
   * February 11 - Matt Dennis, singer.
   * February 11 - French Duynstee, Dutch constitutional lawyer.
   * February 11 - Menelaos Pallantios, composer.
   * February 11 - Winand Borgerhoff Mulder court judge of Amsterdam.
   * February 12 - Tex Beneke, musician, band leader (+ 2000)
   * February 17 - Armin Kutzsche, medical researcher
   * February 24 - Zachary Scott, actor
   * March 1 - Ralph Ellison, writer (+ 1994)
   * March 2 - Martin Ritt, director (+ 1990)
   * March 13 - Edward O'Hare, US pilot
   * March 17 - Sammy Baugh, American football star
   * March 19 - Jay Berwanger, American football star, winner of the first
     Heisman Trophy (+ 2002)
   * March 26 - General William Westmoreland, United States commander during
     the Vietnam War
   * March 28 - Edmund Muskie, United States politician (+ 1996)
   * March 30 - Sonny Boy Williamson, musician
   * March 31 - Octavio Paz, author, Nobel Prize for Literature (+ 1998)
   * April 2 - Sir Alec Guinness, actor (+ 2000)
   * April 4 - Marguerite Duras, writer (+ 1996)
   * April 22 - Jan de Hartog, writer (+ 2002)
   * April 25 - Ross Lockridge Jr., writer (+ 1948)
   * April 26 - Bernard Malamud, author (+ 1986)
   * May 8 - Romain Gary, writer
   * May 9 - Hank Snow, country musician (+ 1999)
   * May 12 - Howard K. Smith, journalist (+ 2002)
   * May 13 - Joe Louis, boxer (+ 1981)
   * May 19 - Go Seigen, Go player
   * May 19 - Max Perutz, molecular biologist (+ 2002)
   * May 22 - Vance Packard, author (+ 1996)
   * May 22 - Sun Ra, jazz musician (+ 1993)
   * May 28 - W. G. G. Duncan Smith, World War II pilot (+ 1996)
   * May 29 - Sherpa Tenzing Norgay
   * May 29 - Eduard Pestel, scientist and engineer (+ 1988)
   * May - Arnold Gerschwiler, figure skating trainer (+ 2003)
   * June 15 - Yuri Andropov, soviet politician and General Secretary of
     CPSU
   * July 19 - John Kenneth Macalister, Canadian SOE agent, executed by the
     Nazis
   * September 5 - Sor Isolina Ferre famous Puerto Rican catholic woman
   * September 12 - Desmond Llewelyn, British actor, (Q in the James Bond
     movies)
   * October 6 - Thor Heyerdahl, Norwegian explorer on the Kon-Tiki
     expedition.(+ 2002)
   * October 21 - Martin Gardner, writer on mathematics and games
   * October 27 - Dylan Thomas, poet and author
   * Alan Cranston, US senator; Allen Funt, host of Candid Camera; Jonas
     Salk, developed polio vaccine; Joe DiMaggio, baseball; Dorothy Lamour,
     actress; Richard Widmark, actor; Bert Parks, host of Miss America;
     William Vickrey, economist.
   * November 20 - Charles Berlitz; Jean-Pierre Grenier

Deaths:

   * April 1 - Rube Waddell, Baseball Hall of Famer
   * May 2 - John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll, husband of Princess Louise
     of the United Kingdom, aunt of King George V
   * June 28 - Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria
   * June 28 - Archduchess Sophia Chotek
   * July 3 - Joseph Chamberlain, British politician
   * September 1 - Martha, the last passenger pigeon
   * September Aleksandr Samsonov, Russian general -

Nobel Prizes:

   * Physics - Max von Laue
   * Chemistry- Theodore William Richards
   * Medicine - Robert B‡r‡ny
   * Literature - not awarded
   * Peace - not awarded

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