1951

Events

   * January 4 - Korean War: Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul.
   * January 9 - United Nations headquarters officially opens (New York
     City).
   * January 15 - Ilse Koch, The "Witch of Buchenwald", wife of the
     commandant of the Buchenwald concentration camp, is sentenced to life
     imprisonment in a court in West Germany .
   * January 27 - Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site begins with a
     one-kiloton bomb dropped on Frenchman Flats.
   * February 27 - The Twenty-second Amendment to the United States
     Constitution, limiting Presidents to two terms, is ratified.
   * March 6 - The trial of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg begins.
   * March 7 - Korean War: Operation Ripper - In Korea, United Nations
     troops led by General Matthew Ridgeway begin an assault against Chinese
     forces.
   * March 12 - The Dennis the Menace comic strip appears in newspapers
     across the U.S. for the first time.
   * March 14 - Korean War: For the second time, United Nations troops
     recapture Seoul.
   * March 29 - Red Scare: Ethel and Julius Rosenberg are convicted of
     conspiracy to commit espionage. On April 5 they are sentenced to
     receive the death penalty.
   * March 30 - Remington Rand delivers the first UNIVAC I computer to the
     United States Census Bureau.
   * April 1 - Australia, New Zealand, United States security treaty signed
     in San Francisco.
   * April 18 - Treaty of Paris (1951) adopted, establishing European Coal
     and Steel Community (ECSC); see EU.
   * July 5 - William Shockley invents the junction transistor.
   * July 10 - Korean War: At Kaesong, armistice negotiations begin.
   * July 14 - In Joplin, Missouri, George Washington Carver National
     Monument becomes the first United States National Monument in honor of
     an African American.
   * July 20 - King Abdullah I of Jordan is assassinated while attending
     Friday prayers in Jerusalem.
   * September 1 - The United States, Australia and New Zealand all sign a
     mutual defense pact, called the ANZUS Treaty (for "Australia, New
     Zealand, United States").
   * September 8 - Treaty of San Francisco: In San Francisco, California, 48
     nations sign Sign a peace treaty with Japan in formal recognition of
     the end of the Pacific War.
   * September 10 - Great Britain begins an economic boycott of Iran
   * December 24 - Libya becomes independent from Italy
   * A fourth, and final, forest fire starts in the Tillamook Burn; but
     unlike earlier fires this one only burns 32,700 acres, and within
     acreage already affected by the earlier fires.

Art, Culture & Fashion

   * 1951 in film
        o An American in Paris
        o The African Queen, starring Humphrey Bogart and Katherine Hepburn
        o A Streetcar Named Desire
        o Flying Leathernecks starring John Wayne
   * 1951 in music
        o The release of "Rocket 88", a song by Jackie Brenston and his
          Delta Cats. Some music historians consider this record to be the
          first rock and roll recording.
   * 1951 in television
        o January 3 - Dragnet airs on television for the first time (NBC).
        o May 28 - The U. S. Supreme Court upholds the FCC's approval of the
          CBS color television system
        o June 25 ? CBS presents its first commercial color telecast with
          Arthur Godfrey, Ed Sullivan, and Faye Emerson.
        o June - RCA demonstrates its new electronic color system.
        o August 11 - The first baseball games televised in color, a
          double-header between the Brooklyn Dodgers and the Boston Braves
        o September 4 - The first coast-to-coast TV broadcast, featuring
          President Truman.
        o September 22 - The first live sporting event seen coast-to-coast,
          a college football game between Duke and the University of
          Pittsburgh, is televised on NBC.
        o October 3 - The first live coast-to-coast network telecast of a
          World Series game
        o October 15 - I Love Lucy debuts on CBS.
        o December 24 - The first televised opera written for television,
          Amahl and the Night Visitor, airs on NBC.
        o Ernie Kovacs' Time for Ernie and Ernie in Kovacsland television
          shows premiere. Kovacs pushes the limits of television technology
          with his use of camera tricks and special effects.

Births

   * January 6 - Kim Wilson, rock musician
   * January 12 - Rush Limbaugh, radio personality
   * January 30 - Phil Collins, musician
   * February 6 - Princess DaphnŽ of Belgium
   * February 15 - Melissa Manchester, singer
   * February 15 - Jane Seymour, actress
   * February 20 - Gordon Brown, British politician
   * March 4 - Kenny Dalglish footballer and football manager
   * March 4 - Chris Rea, British singer and musician
   * March 17 - Kurt Russell, actor
   * March 24 - Tommy Hilfiger, fashion designer
   * April 7 - Janis Ian, singer and songwriter
   * April 11 - Doris McGowen Beck Angleton, Houston, Texas socialite
     († 1997)
   * April 29 - Dale Earnhardt, stock car racer (NASCAR) († 2001)
   * May 15 - Jonathan Richman, musician
   * May 23 - Anatoly Karpov, chess world champion
   * May 26 - Sally Ride, astronaut
   * May 30 - Stephen Tobolowsky, actor
   * June 14 - Paul Boateng, British politician, first black Cabinet
     minister
   * June 17 - Mary McAleese, eighth President of Ireland
   * July 3 - Richard Hadlee, New Zealand cricketer
   * July 24 - Chris Smith, British politician, first "out" gay MP
   * August 20 - Greg Bear, science fiction author
   * August 24 - Orson Scott Card, science fiction author
   * October 6 - Manfred Winkelhock, auto racing driver
   * November 19 - Lord Falconer, British lawyer and politician

Deaths

   * January 10 - Sinclair Lewis, writer
   * February 9 - Eddy Duchin, musician
   * February 13 - Lloyd C. Douglas, author
   * February 19 - AndrŽ Gide, author
   * March 6 - Ivor Novello, actor, musician, composer
   * March 25 - Oscar Micheaux, pioneer African-American, filmmaker/author
   * April 4 - Al Christie, early Hollywood director/producer
   * April 22 - Horace Donisthorpe, myrmecologist
   * May 7 - Warner Baxter, actor
   * June 13 - Ben Chifley, Australian Prime Minister
   * July 13 - Arnold Schoenberg, Austrian composer
   * July 29 - Hozumi Shigeto, Japanese author
   * August 15 - Artur Schnabel, pianist
   * August 21 - Constant Lambert, composer
   * Robert Broom, paleontologist

Nobel Prizes

   * Physics - Sir John Douglas Cockcroft, - Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton
   * Chemistry - Edwin Mattison McMillan, Glenn Theodore Seaborg
   * Medicine - Max Theiler
   * Literature - PŠr Fabian Lagerkvist
   * Peace - LŽon Jouhaux

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