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1972
Events * Prime minister of Sweden, Olof Palme compares the American bombings of North Vietnam to Nazi massacres. The US breaks diplomatic contact with Sweden. * January 2 - Major robbery in Pierre Hotel, New York. $4 million dollars worth of valuables stolen. * January 5 - President of the United States Richard Nixon orders the development of a space shuttle program. * January 4 - Kurt Waldheim becomes the Secretary General of the United Nations. * January 9 - RMS Queen Elizabeth is destroyed by fire (Hong Kong harbor). * January 9 - Rose Heilbron becomes the first woman judge in the United Kingdom (Old Bailey, London). * January 11 - East Pakistan becomes Bangladesh * January 14 - King Frederick IX of Denmark dies - his daughter Queen Margaret II of Denmark ascends to the throne at January 16 * January 24 - Japanese soldier Shoichi Yokoi discovered in Guam. He had spent 28 years in the jungle * January 26 - Yugoslavian air stewardress Vesca Vulovic is the only survivor when her plane crashes in Czechoslovakia. * January 30 - Bloody Sunday: United Kingdom forces kill thirteen Roman Catholic civil rights marchers in Northern Ireland. * January 30 - Pakistan withdraws from the British Commonwealth * February 1 - First scientific hand-held calculator (HP-35) introduced (price $395) * February 3 - Sapporo Winter Olympics begin. * February 4 - Mariner 9 sends pictures from Mars * February 5 - Bob Douglas becomes the first African American elected to the Basketball Hall of Fame. * February 9 - British government declares a state of emergency over a miners' strike * February 17 - Sales of the Volkswagen Beetle model exceed those of Ford Model-T -(15 million) * February 18 - The California Supreme Court invalidates the state's death penalty and commutes the sentences of all death row inmates to life in prison. * February 21 - February 27 - President Richard M. Nixon makes an unprecedented eight-day visit to Communist China and meets with Mao Zedong. * February 21 - The Soviet unmanned spaceship Luna 20 lands on the Moon. * February 23 - Lufthansa plane hijacked to Aden. Passengers are released after ransom on 16 million D-marks. * February 25 - Terrorism: Germany gives $5 million to an Arab terrorist as ransom for the passengers and crew of a hijacked a jumbo jet. * March 2 - Launch of Pioneer 10 spacecraft. * March 8 - The Goodyear blimp flies for the first time * March 13 - The United Kingdom and People's Republic of China establish full diplomatic relations. Britain severs official ties with the Republic of China (on Taiwan). * March 19 - India and Bangladesh sign a friendship treaty. * March 24 - In a bid for peace, Britain takes over direct rule of Northern Ireland. * March 30 - Vietnam War: The Eastertide Offensive begins after North Vietnamese forces cross into the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) of South Vietnam. * April 16 - Apollo 16 launched * April 18 - Roland Corporation founded in Osaka * April 27 - Constructive Vote of No Confidence against German Chancellor Willy Brandt fails under obscure circumstances. * May 9 - Three out of six bombs explode in Springer newspaper building in Hamburg, West Germany. 17 dead. * May 15 - Governor George C. Wallace of Alabama is shot by Arthur H. Bremer at a Laurel, Md., political rally. * May 21 - In Rome, Laszlo Toth attacks Michelangelo's Pieta-statue with a hammer * May 22 - Ceylon becomes republic of Sri Lanka * May 26 - Richard Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev sign SALT I treaty in Moscow. * May 26 - Willandra National Park is established in Australia. * May 30 - The Angry Brigade goes on trial. * June 2 - Andreas Baader and some other members of Red Army Faction are arrested in Frankfurt am Main after a shootout. * June 4 - Angela Davis found not guilty of murder * June 14 - June 23 - Hurricane Agnes kills 117 in US east coast. * June 15 - Ulrike Meinhof and Gerhard Mźller of Red Army Faction are arrested in a teacher's apartment in Langenhagen, West Germany. * June 17 - Watergate break-in, Washington, D.C. * Return of Okinawa from United States' control to Japan. * June 29 - Supreme Court of the United States rules that the death penalty is unconstitutional * July 18 - Anwar Sadat sends Soviet military advisors home. * July 23 - The United States launches Landsat 1, first Earth-resources satellite. * August 4 - Idi Amin declares that Uganda will expel 50.000 asians with British passports to Britain within three months; * August 16 - The Royal Moroccan Air Force mistakenly fires upon, but fails to bring down, Hassan II of Morocco's plane while he was traveling back to Rabat. * September 1 - Bobby Fischer defeats Boris Spassky in Reykjavik Chess tournament and becomes the first American chess champion. * September 5-6 - Munich Massacre: Eleven Israeli athletes at the Summer Olympic Games in Munich are killed after eight members of an Arab terrorist group Black September invade Olympic Village; five guerillas and one policeman are also killed in a failed hostage rescue. * September 14 - West Germany and Poland renew diplomatic relations. * September 17 - Uganda announces that there is Tanzanian troops in its territory. * September 21 - Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos issued Proclamation No. 1081 placing the entire country under martial law. * October 2 - Denmark joins EEC. Faroe Islands stay out. * October 5 - United Reformed Church founded out of Congregational and Presbyterian Churches. * October 12 - En route to her station in the Gulf of Tonkin, a racial brawl involving more than 100 sailors breaks out aboard the United States Navy aircraft carrier USS Kitty Hawk. Nearly 50 sailors are injured. * October 13 - Fairchild passenger plane transporting a rugby team crashes in Andes. They are found alive December 20 but they have had to resort to cannibalism to survive. * October 17 - Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom visits Yugoslavia. * October 30 - US President Richard Nixon approves legislation to increase Social Security spending by US$5.3 billion. * November 5 - Group of Amerindians occupies the Bureau of Indian Affairs * November - Richard M. Nixon defeats George McGovern in the U.S. presidential election * December 22 - Earthquake destroys Managua, capital of Nicaragua. * December 28 - The bones of Martin Bormann identified in Berlin. * December 29 - An Eastern Air Lines Lockheed L-1011 crashes into the Everglades killing 99 of 163 onboard * The United Kingdom begin to train Special Air Service for anti-terrorist duties. * Sally Priesand becomes the first female rabbi. * Steve Jobs graduates from Homestead High School and enrolls in Reed College in Portland, Oregon but drops out after one semester * Kim Il Sung becomes president of North Korea. * First Cray super computers * Japanese begin building a railway tunnel between Honshu and Hokkaido * Stephen Hawking is confined to wheelchair * The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms becomes independent from IRS. * The "tea house" Mellow Yellow opens on the Amstel River in Amsterdam, pioneering the legal sale of marijuana in the Netherlands Births * January 30 - Tim Jones, Gonzo Journalist * February 11 - Dennis Iliohan, Dutch football player. * February 15 - Jaromir Jagr, ice hockey star * February 17 - Denise Richards, actress * February 17 - Philippe Candeloro, figure skater * February 17 - Billie Joe Armstrong, musician ("Green Day") * February 29 - Antonio Sabato Jr., actor * March 6 - Shaquille O'Neal, basketball player * March 15 - Mark Hoppus, musician ("Blink 182") * March 17 - Mia Hamm, soccer player * March 22 - Elvis Stojko, figure skater * March 23 - Judith GodrŹche, actress * April 4 - Stefan Wolpe, composer * April 4 - Adam Clayton Powell Jr., American politician * May 2 - The Rock, WWE professional wrestler turned actor * May 20 - Busta Rhymes, rap music singer * May 21 - The Notorious B.I.G., musician (+ 1997) * June 23 - ZinŽdine Zidane, French football star * June 29 - Samantha Smith, U.S. activist (+ 1985) * August 30 - Cameron Diaz, actress * October 17 - Eminem, rapper, actor * October 17 - Wyclef Jean, rapper * November 4 - Luis Figo, Portuguese football star Deaths * January 1 - Maurice Chevalier, French entertainer, surgical complications * January 14 - King Frederick IX of Denmark * January 26 - Mahalia Jackson, gospel music singer * February 11 - Jan Wils, architect * February 20 - Walter Winchell, journalist * March 24 - Cristobal Balenciaga, couturier * March 27 - M. C. Escher, Dutch graphic artist * March 29 - Lord J. Arthur Rank, movie theater owner * April 4 - Stefan Wolpe, composer * May 2 - J. Edgar Hoover, FBI director * May 13 - Dan Blocker, actor * May 22 - Margaret Rutherford, actress * May 28 - Edward VIII, king in 1936 (&dagger 1894) * October 1 - Louis Leakey, British paleontologist * October 24 - Jackie Robinson (Baseball Hall of Famer) * October 26 - Igor Sikorsky, aviation engineer * November 1 - Ezra Pound, poet * November 25 - Henri Coanda, aerodynamics pioneer * November 28 - Sibylla, queen of Sweden. * December 26 - Harry S Truman, US president, heart failure. * December 31 - Roberto Clemente (baseball Hall of Famer) Nobel Prizes * Physics - John Bardeen, Leon Neil Cooper, John Robert Schrieffer * Chemistry - Christian B Anfinsen, Stanford Moore, William H Stein * Medicine - Gerald M Edelman, Rodney R Porter * Literature - Heinrich Bšll * Peace - Not awarded. * Economics - John Hicks, Kenneth Arrow
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