1905

Events:

   * Path� Fr�res colors black and white films by machine.
   * January 22 - Massacre of Russian demonstrators at the Winter Palace in
     Saint Petersburg, one of the triggers of the abortive Russian
     Revolution of 1905.
   * January 26 - The Cullinan diamond is found near Pretoria, South Africa
     at the Premier Mine.
   * February 11 - Pope Pius X publishes the encyclical Vehementer nos.
   * March 3 - Tsar Nicholas II of Russia agrees to create an elected
     assembly (the Duma).
   * March 5 - Russian troops begin to retreat from Mukden, Manchuria after
     losing 100,000 troops in 3 days.
   * March 10 Japanese capture of Mukden (now Shenyang) completes rout of
     Russian armies in Manchuria.
   * March 31 German emperor William II asserts German equality with France
     in Morocco, triggering Tangier (or First Morocco) Crisis.
   * April 4 - In India, an earthquake near Kangra, kills 370,000.
   * May 15 - Las Vegas, Nevada is founded when 110 acres (in what later
     would become downtown) are auctioned off.
   * May 27 - Russo-Japanese War: Battle of Tsushima - The Japanese fleet
     under Admiral Heihachiro Togo destroys Russian fleet under Admiral
     Zinovi Petrovich Rozhdestvenski in this two day battle (ends on May
     27).
   * September 5 Treaty of Portsmouth, (New Hampshire) ends Russo-Japanese
     War.
   * June 7 - Norway declares the union with Sweden dissolved.
   * October 3 HMS Dreadnought is laid down, revolutionizing battleship
     design and triggering a naval arms race.
   * October 26 - Sweden agreed to the repeal of the union with Norway.
   * October 30 - Tsar Nicholas II is forced to grant Russia's first
     constitution, conceding a national assembly (Duma) with limited powers.

   * The remaining southern portion of Rupert's Land is divided into the
     Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan.

Births:

   * January 2 - Michael Tippett, composer
   * January 3 - Anna May Wong, actress (+ 1961)
   * January 12 - Tex Ritter, actor, singer (+ 1974)
   * January 18 - Joseph Bonanno, gangster (+ 2002)
   * January 21 - Christian Dior, couturier (+ 1957)
   * January 26 - Bernhard Minetti, actor
   * January 26 - Maria von Trapp, singer (+ 1987)
   * January 29 - Barnett Newman, painter (+ 1970)
   * January 31 - John O'Hara, writer (+ 1970)
   * February 2 - Ayn Rand, Author
   * February 7 - Paul Nizan, author (+ 1940)
   * February 11 - Elizabeth Vuyk, Dutch/Indonesian writer.
   * February 14 - Thelma Ritter, actress (+ 1969)
   * February 27 - Franchot Tone, actor (+ 1968)
   * March 5 - G�nther L�ders, actor and film director (+ 1975)
   * March 6 - Bob Wills, country music singer (+ 1975)
   * March 15 - Berthold Schenk von Stauffenberg, jurist and Nazi opponent
     (+ 1944)
   * March 16 - Elisabeth Flickenschildt, actress (+ 1977)
   * March 18 - Thomas Townsend Brown, scientist (+ 1985)
   * March 18 - Robert Donat, actor (+ 1958)
   * March 19 - Albert Speer, Nazi official (+ 1981)
   * May 15 - Joseph Cotten, actor
   * May 16 - Henry Fonda, actor (+ 1982)
   * May 20 - Gerrit Achterberg, Dutch poet
   * August 11 - Erwin Chargaff, biochemist
   * August 23 - Constant Lambert, composer (+ 1951)
   * September 18 - Greta Garbo, Swedish actress
   * September 30 - Michael Powell, British director
   * November 17 - Queen Astrid of Belgium
   * December 30 - Jule Styne, composer

Deaths:

   * March 24 - Jules Verne, author
   * May 9 - Mrs. Jarvis - The model for Mother's Day
   * September 18 - George MacDonald

Science:

   * Einstein publishes four papers. In particular, he formulates the theory
     of special relativity and explains the photoelectric effect by
     quantization.

Nobel Prizes:

   * Physics - Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard
   * Chemistry - Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer
   * Medicine - Robert Koch
   * Literature - Henryk Sienkiewicz
   * Peace - Baroness Bertha Sophie Felicita Von Suttner

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