Herman Hollerith

Herman Hollerith (February 29, 1860-November 17, 1929) was an American
business man and the promulgator of the punch card.

Hollerith graduated from Columbia University, New York and joined the US
Census Bureau as a statistician where he used a punched card device
(inspired by the system, used by the railroad conductors, of punching holes
in various places on a passenger's ticket to identify the holder e.g.,
gender, age group) to help analyse the 1890 US census data. This later
evolved into a punched card system that stored data in 80 columns. This
"80-column" concept has carried forward in various forms into modern
applications.

On January 8, 1889 Hollerith received a patent for his electric tabulating
machine. In 1896, Hollerith founded the Tabulating Machine Company to
exploit his invention and in 1924 his firm became part of IBM. The Hollerith
system was used for the 1911 UK census.

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