Timeline of materials technology

   * 3rd millennium BC - Copper metallurgy is invented and copper is used
     for ornamentation
   * 2nd millennium BC - Bronze is used for weapons and armor
   * 1st millennium BC - Pewter beginning to be used in China and Egypt
   * 16th century BC - The Hittites develop crude iron metallurgy
   * 13th century BC - Invention of steel when iron and charcoal are
     combined properly
   * 10th century BC - Glass production begins in Greece and Syria
   * 50s BC - Glassblowing techniques flourish in Phoenicia
   * 20s BC - Roman architect Vitruvius describes low-water-content method
     for mixing concrete.
   * 700s - Porcelain is invented in China
   * 1450s - Crystallo, a clear soda-based glass is invented by Angelo
     Barovier
   * 1590 - Glass lenses are developed in Netherlands and used for the first
     time in microscopes and telescopes.
   * 1738 - William Champion patents a process for the production of
     metallic zinc by distillation from calamine and charcoal.
   * 1779 - Bry Higgins issued a patent for hydraulic cement (stucco) for
     use as an exterior plaster.
   * 1799 - Alessandro Volta makes a Copper / Zinc acid battery
   * 1821 - Thomas Johann Seebeck invents the thermocouple
   * 1824 - Patent issued to Joseph Aspin for portland cement.
   * 1825 - Hans Christian Orsted produces metallic aluminum
   * 1839 - Charles Goodyear invents vulcanized rubber
   * 1839 - Jacques Daguerre and William Fox Talbot invent silver-based
     photographic processes
   * 1855 - Bessemer process for mass production of steel patented.
   * 1861 - James Clerk Maxwell demonstrates color photography
   * 1883 - Charles Fritts makes the first solar cells using selenium wafers
   * 1902 - August Verneuil develops a process for making synthetic rubies.
   * 1909 - Leo Baekeland presents the Bakelite hard thermosetting plastic
   * 1911 - Superconductivity discovered.
   * 1916 - Jan Czochralski invents a method for growing single crystals of
     metals.
   * 1924 - Corning scientists invent Pyrex, a glass with a very low thermal
     expansion coefficient.
   * 1931 - Julius Nieuwland develops the synthetic rubber called neoprene
   * 1931 - Wallace Carothers develops nylon
   * 1938 - Roy Plunkett discovers the process for making
     poly-tetrafluoroethylene, better known as teflon
   * 1947 - First germanium Transistor invented.
   * 1947 - First commercial application of a piezoelectric ceramic: barium
     titanate used as a phonoigraph needle.
   * 1951 - Individual atoms seen for the first time using the Field ion
     microscope
   * 1953 - Karl Ziegler discovers metallic catalysts which greatly improve
     the strength of polyethylene polymers
   * 1954 - 6% efficiency silicon solar cells made at Bell Laboratories
   * 1959 - Pilkington Brothers patent the float glass process.
   * 1962 - SQUID superconducting quantum interference device invented.
   * 1968 - Liquid crystal display developed by RCA
   * 1970 - Silica optical fibers grown by Corning

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