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September 14
September 14 is the 257th day of the year (258th in leap years). There are 108 days remaining. Events * 1752 - The British Empire adopts the Gregorian calendar, skipping eleven days (September 2 was followed directly by September 14 this year) * 1812 - Russian army burns Moscow to prevent Napoleon from capturing it * 1812 - Francis Scott Key writes The Star-Spangled Banner * 1847 - Winfield Scott captures Mexico City * 1886 - Typewriter ribbon patented * 1901 - Theodore Roosevelt becomes President of the United States. * 1917 - Republican government declared in Russia * 1923 - Miguel Primo de Rivera becomes dictator of Spain * 1944 - United States Marines land on the island of Peleliu * 1948 - Groundbreaking for the United Nations headquarters in New York City * 1959 - The Soviet probe Luna 2 crashes onto the Moon, becoming the first man-made object to reach it. * 1960 - The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is founded. * 1964 - The opening of the third period of Second Vatican Council * 1965 - The opening of the fourth and final period of Second Vatican Council * 1984 - Joe Kittinger becomes the first person to fly a hot air balloon solo across the Atlantic Ocean. * 1975 - The first American saint, Elizabeth Ann Seton, is canonized by Pope John Paul II * 2000 - Juan Antonio Samaranch leaves the presidence of the International Olympic Comitee (IOC), after 20 years. Births * 1760 - Luigi Cherubini, composer * 1769 - Alexander von Humboldt, naturalist and explorer * 1849 - Ivan Pavlov, scientist (+ 1936) * 1867 - Charles Gibson, artist (+ 1944) * 1879 - Margaret Sanger, birth control advocate (+ 1966) * 1899 - Hal Wallis, film producer (+ 1986) * 1914 - Clayton Moore, actor (+ 1999) * 1921 - Ruth Brooks Flippen, television writer (+ 1981) * 1923 - Bud Palmer, sports reporter * 1933 - Zoe Caldwell, actress * 1933 - Harve Presnell, actor * 1934 - Kate Millett, feminist writer * 1936 - Walter Koenig, actor * 1938 - Nicol Williamson, actor * 1948 - Sam Neill, actor * 1959 - Mary Frances, actress * 1971 - Kimberly Williams, actress * 1973 - Nas, rap music singer Deaths * 258 - Cyprian, early Christian writer * 891 - Pope Stephen V * 1321 - Dante Aligheri, author * 1638 - John Harvard, clergyman, namesake of Harvard College * 1851 - James Fenimore Cooper, author * 1852 - Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, British general and Prime Minister * 1899 - Henry Bliss, first automobile fatality * 1901 - United States President William McKinley * 1927 - Isadora Duncan, dancer * 1936 - Irving Thalberg, film producer * 1960 - Sir Arthur Percy Morris Fleming, radar pioneer * 1966 - Gertrude Berg, actress * 1982 - Bashir Gemayel, President of Lebanon * 1982 - Princess Grace of Monaco * 1984 - Janet Gaynor, Academy Award winning actress * 1996 - Juliet Prowse, actress, dancer * 2000 - Beah Richards, actress Holidays * Eastern Orthodox Church Exaltation of the Cross, which commemorates the discovery of the (allegedly) original Christian cross in 326 by Helena, mother of Constantine. * In ancient Greece, the first day of the Eleusinian mysteries, during which the sacred objects were brought from Eleusis to Athens.
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