Gymnastics

Gymnastics is a sport involving the performance of sequences of movements
requiring strength, flexibility, and kinaesthetic awareness. It developed
from fitness exercises used by ancient Greek soldiers, as well incorporating
cavalry skills for mounting and dismounting a horse, and circus performance skills.

Modern gymnastics, as regulated by the FIG (Federation International de
Gymnastique) incorporates six distinct disciplines:

   * Artistic gymnastics (further classified as Men's and Women's Artistic
     Gymnastics, or MAG and WAG),
   * Rhythmic gymnastics,
   * Sports aerobics,
   * Sports acrobatics,
   * Trampolining and
   * General gymnastics.

Of these disciplines, the two subdisciplines of artistic gymnastics are the
best known, having been competed in every modern Summer Olympic Games.

The discipline of rhythmic gymnastics is competed only by women, and
involves the performance of five separate routines with the use of five
props (ball, ribbon, hoop, clubs, role) on a floor area, with a much greater
emphasis on the aesthetic rather than the acrobatic. Rhythmic routines are
scored out of a possible 30 points.

Sports aerobics involves the performance of routines by individuals or
pairs, emphasising strength, flexibility, and aerobic fitness rather than
acrobatic or balance skills.

Trampolining routines involve a build-up phase during which the gymnast
jumps repeatedly to achieve height, followed by a sequence of leaps without
pauses during which the gymnast performs a sequence of aerial tumbling
skills.

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