S-Video

S-Video (also known as Y/C) is a baseband analog video format offering a
higher quality signal than composite video, but a lower quality than
component video. This mid-level format divides the signal into two channels
- luminance and chrominance.

The luminance signal and modulated chrominance subcarrier information are
carried on separate signal/ground pairs. The luminance signal is effectively
a black-and-white television signal with the timing of a colour composite
video signal. Because the luminance signal is carried on a separate wire, it
does not need to be low-pass filtered to prevent crosstalk between
high-frequency luminance information and the colour subcarrier.

This allows a higher bandwidth to be used for the luminance information, and
also eliminates the colour crosstalk problem.

The luminance performance of S-Video is similar to analog component video,
but the chrominance performance retains most of the other defects of
composite video, apart from the crosstalk problem.

S-Video signals are generally connected using 4-pin mini-DIN connectors
using a 75 ohm termination impedance. The pins in the connectors bend
easily, hence care must be taken when plugging the cables in--else a pin is
likely to bend, causing the loss of color, corruption of the signal, or
complete loss of the signal.

S-Video is commonly used on consumer VTRs and modern game consoles, and is
also available on some professional equipment and computer video capture and
playback cards.

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